Medical literature, including the Rome IV criteria, outlines diagnostic criteria for CHS, but it remains a challenging condition for both healthcare providers and patients. Prior to the diagnosis of CHS, patients often suffer for years with potentially debilitating symptoms on a cyclic basis. These patients typically present multiple times to health care facilities with similar symptoms and receive multiple diagnostic tests and invasive procedures without a clear diagnosis or treatment plan. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) involves episodic cyclic vomiting that occurs in some cannabis users. Typical symptoms include intractable nausea and vomiting, refractory to conventional antiemetic therapy, often accompanied by abdominal pain.
Medical Disclaimer
Since marijuana resumption will cause CHS to return, patient education is important in order to prevent recurrence. Marijuana cessation relieves CHS, sometimes in a matter of hours https://fundaciondes.org/how-to-write-an-addiction-letter-to-yourself-step-2/ or a couple of days. In a case study of a 26-year-old woman who suffered from CHS for years and had been using marijuana nonmedically for 11 years, symptoms resolved in the relatively long period of 3 weeks of cannabis abstinence 117.
What are the symptoms of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome?
That early introduction might increase the likelihood of problems appearing in adulthood. alcoholism Also, frequent use—such as smoking or consuming cannabis products at least once a week—often places individuals at a higher risk compared to more sporadic users. However, one study indicated that over 32% of people who identified as frequent marijuana users and visited an emergency department met the criteria for CHS. This figure might suggest the problem is more common than many realize, especially as more U.S. states legalize marijuana and higher-potency products flood the market.
4. Pathological Bathing Behavior
The mechanism present in CHS is this disruption of the endocannabinoid system. This is something that both THC and CBD interact with, and that is why some believe they are helpful when it comes to digestion, stress response, or mood. There are some things in life where you put your hand on a hot stove, and it burns.
Can addiction treatment help with Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome?
When cannabis is the underlying cause, learning about CHS can be a life-changing discovery. The most effective treatment for Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome is the cessation of marijuana use. Unfortunately, the psychological and physical dependency on marijuana can make quitting challenging for many individuals. In these cases, addiction treatment programs can provide the necessary support for successful recovery.
- Currently, Nicki is pursuing a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Counseling Education and Supervision at Grand Canyon University.
- When you stop using cannabis entirely, you can step into the recovery phase.
- When cyclical vomiting syndrome presents similar signs, doctors need to rule out other conditions before confirming CHS.
- Nausea and vomiting are regulated in ECS through central and peripheral pathways 35.
The symptoms of CHS can be debilitating and often lead what are the first signs of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome people to seek medical care due to dehydration and severe discomfort. We also recommend that psychometric testing be examined to assess comorbidities of anxiety, depression and addiction potential that are suggested susceptibilities from prior study (Russo et al., 2022). Given logistical challenges in recruitment and retention, such an effort will require funding sources to mount multicenter studies. A female patient developed CHS symptoms after 1 month of Δ8-THC usage in “gummies” taken as a sleep aide (Rosenthal et al., 2021). She subsequently responded to treatment with intravenous haloperidol and topical capsaicin. The prodromal phase includes early morning nausea, abdominal pain, and fear of vomiting.
Treatment for Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome
However, cannabinoid receptor activation results in adverse psychoactive effects (including depression and suicidal thoughts), which is concerning for them in clinical use 104. With more research, the complexity of allostery can be elucidated, which will be beneficial in the development of safe and efficacious drugs with no neuropsychiatric side effects. In hospitalized patients with CHS during the hyperemesis phase, a “nothing by mouth” regimen and IV hydration are typically employed until symptoms improve. As recovery progresses, patients are initially given clear liquids and gradually advance to a regular diet as tolerated. In patients treated at home, recommendations are emphasized to consume fluids containing glucose and electrolytes between vomiting episodes to ensure adequate hydration.
Symptoms of CHS (Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome)
Once you do that, your repeated nausea and vomiting should go away and not return. Since THC is stored in your body fat, it can take weeks to months before all the symptoms go away and you notice a difference. Medications are sometimes used to manage symptoms, but they aren’t always fully effective in controlling severe vomiting. Doctors might try anti-nausea drugs or pain relievers, but real progress usually hinges on quitting cannabis. If vomiting is so frequent that you’re dangerously dehydrated, you might need hospital care.
- It tends to affect people who use cannabis at least once a week and happens more often in adults who’ve been using cannabis since their adolescent years.
- This stage typically lasts about 24 to 48 hours but can extend longer, especially if you continue using marijuana.
- This figure might suggest the problem is more common than many realize, especially as more U.S. states legalize marijuana and higher-potency products flood the market.
- These factors may contribute to the likelihood of developing cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome and cannabis use disorders.
- Three out of 4 patients resumed marijuana use and presented at the hospital again.
The mechanism by which THC and cannabinoids might decrease myocardial contractility remains to be elucidated. A case report in the literature describes Takotsubo syndrome or stress cardiomyopathy in a patient with CHS 150. If you or a loved one are struggling with marijuana addiction, it’s important to understand the risks you’re vulnerable to and what your treatment options are. At Moving Mountains Recovery, we can help marijuana users detox safely, address the root cause of their substance misuse, and begin on the road to recovery. Most people recover completely within days to weeks after quitting cannabis, but symptoms can return if cannabis use resumes.
What are other impacts of cannabis use?
About 35% of individuals with some form of substance use disorder have an eating disorder (which typically precedes the substance use disorder) versus 5% of the general population 174. The serum levels of psychiatric drugs may be reduced in patients suffering from CHS or other vomiting syndrome. A vicious cycle can occur in which CHS patients taking psychiatric medications suffer nausea and vomiting, increase their use of marijuana to manage those symptoms, and exacerbate their mental health condition.
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